Urban Governance in India
Municipal Governance in India exists since 1687 with the formation of Madras Municipal Corporation and then Calcutta and Bombay Municipal Corporation in 1726. In early part of the nineteenth century almost all towns in India had experienced some form of municipal Governance. In 1882 Lord Ripons resolution of local self-government laid the democratic forms of municipal governance in India. In 1919 Government of India act incorporated the need of the resolution and the powers of democratically elected government were formulated. In 1935 Government of India act brought local government under the purview of the state or provincial government and specific powers were given.

In 1992, a major step towards the decentralization and empowerment of local governments in India took place with the enactment of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act. The Amendment calls for greater responsibilities and authorities for local governments by recognizing it as a third tier government. Some of the important aspects include:

• Planning for economic and social development and role of municipal government in implementation of urban poverty alleviation projects

• Increased responsibility for urban planning at the district and      metropolitan levels

• Greater authority to mobilize and using of resources